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Conclusion: SB43542-treatment reduced the myelofibrotic traits expressed by Gata1low mice, confirming that increased TGF-β1 levels play an important role in disease manifestations in this animal model. We have previously published that Aplidin treatment restores the hematopoietic stem cell properties of Gata1low mice (Verrucci et al, J Cell Physiol,2010, May20, Epub ahead of print). The observation that SB43542-treatment primarily reduced microenvironmental abnormalities suggests that the two drugs may have synergistic effects in the treatment of myelofibrosis.